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Ôn thi Tiếng Anh: CHUYÊN ĐỀ CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (PASSIVE VOICE): C¸ch
dïng c©u bÞ ®éng.
- Khi
kh«ng cÇn thiÕt ph¶i nh¾c ®Õn t¸c nh©n g©y hµnh ®éng( do t×nh huèng ®· qu¸ râ
rµng hoÆc do kh«ng quan träng).
Eg: The road has
been repaired.
-Khi chóng ta
kh«ng biÕt hoÆc quªn ngêi thùc hiÖn hµnh ®éng.
Eg: The money was
stolen.
- Khi chóng ta quan t©m ®Õn b¶n th©n hµnh ®éng h¬n lµ
ngêi thùc hiÖn hµnh ®éng.
Eg: This book was
published in Vietnam.
- Khi chñ ng÷ cña c©u chñ ®éng lµ chñ ng÷ kh«ng x¸c
®Þnh nh : people, they, someone…
Eg: People say
that he will win.
à It’s said that he will win.
- Khi ngêi nãi
kh«ng muèn nh¾c ®Õn chñ thÓ g©y ra hµnh ®éng
Eg: Smoking is
not allowed here.
II.CÊu tróc.
VÒ cÊu tróc c©u bÞ ®éng trong
tiÕng Anh , t«i sÏ chia thµnh hai lo¹i sau :
Lo¹i 1: BÞ ®éng ®èi víi c¸c th× kh«ng tiÕp diÔn.
D¹ng nµy cã c«ng thøc tæng qu¸t sau:
BE + PAST PARTICIPLE
Lo¹i 2 : BÞ ®éng víi c¸c th× tiÕp diÔn.
D¹ng nµy cã c«ng thøc tæng qu¸t sau:
BE + BEING + PAST PARTICIPLE
Lo¹i 1 ¸p dông cho s¸u th× bÞ
®éng kh«ng tiÕp diÔn vµ lo¹i 2 ¸p dông cho s¸u th× bÞ ®éng tiÕp diÔn. Nhng
trong phÇn nµy t«i chØ giíi thiÖu nh÷ng th× häc sinh ®· häc trong ch¬ng tr×nh
, phôc vô cho thi häc k× vµ thi tèt nghiÖpTHPT bao gåm bèn th× bÞ ®éng kh«ng tiÕp
diÔn lµ: th× hiÖn t¹i ®¬n , th× qu¸ khø ®¬n , th× hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh ,th×
t¬ng lai ®¬n , bÞ ®éng víi ®éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu vµ hai th× bÞ ®éng tiÕp diÔn
lµ : HiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn vµ qu¸ khø tiÕp diÔn.
Lo¹i 1 : BÞ ®éng kh«ng tiÕp diÔn.
1)Th× hiÖn t¹i
®¬n:
S + am / is/ are + Past Participle
Eg:
Active: They raise cows in Ba
Vi.
Passive: Cows are raised in Ba Vi.
2)Th× qu¸ khø
®¬n:
S + was / were + Past Participle
Eg:
Active : Jame Watt invented the
steam engine in 1784.
Passive
: The steam engine was invented by Jame Watt in 1784.
3)Th× hiÖn t¹i
hoµn thµnh:
S + have/ has been + Past Participle
Eg:
Active: They have just finished the project.
Passive: The project has just been finished.
4)Th× t¬ng lai ®¬n:
S + will be + Past Participle
Eg:
Active:They will build a new school
for disabled children next month.
Passive: A new school for disabled
children will be built next month.
5. §éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu.
S + Modal Verb + be + Past
Participle.
EX1:
Active : You can see him now.
Passive : He can be seen (by you) now.
EX2:
Active : He should type his term paper.
Passive : His term paper should be typed.
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